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European differences and similarities

Led by a Nederlandse Spoorwegen Vectron locomotive, the Berlin-Amsterdam inter-city service (which is operated by Deutsche Bahn together with Nederlandse Spoorwegen) is about to leave Berlin Hauptbanhof on May 8. ALAMY.

Labour would pursue a slow renationalisation if elected on Thursday. Steve Medhurst looks at how other European countries operate their railways

In 2011, the European Commission instigated a new rail strategy, which ended up with a White Paper and a bill in 2016 that became known as the Fourth Railway Package.